Postfix manual - postqueue(1)

    POSTQUEUE(1)                                                      POSTQUEUE(1)

    NAME
           postqueue - Postfix queue control

    SYNOPSIS
       To flush the mail queue:

           postqueue [-v] [-c config_dir] -f

           postqueue [-v] [-c config_dir] -i queue_id

           postqueue [-v] [-c config_dir] -s site

       To list the mail queue:

           postqueue [-v] [-c config_dir] -j

           postqueue [-v] [-c config_dir] -p

    DESCRIPTION
           The  postqueue(1)  command  implements  the  Postfix user interface for
           queue management.  It  implements  operations  that  are  traditionally
           available  via  the  sendmail(1) command.  See the postsuper(1) command
           for queue operations that require super-user privileges such as  delet-
           ing a message from the queue or changing the status of a message.

           The following options are recognized:

           -c config_dir
                  The main.cf configuration file is in the named directory instead
                  of the default configuration directory. See also the MAIL_CONFIG
                  environment setting below.

           -f     Flush the queue: attempt to deliver all queued mail.

                  This option implements the traditional "sendmail -q" command, by
                  contacting the Postfix qmgr(8) daemon.

                  Warning: flushing undeliverable mail frequently will  result  in
                  poor delivery performance of all other mail.

           -i queue_id
                  Schedule  immediate delivery of deferred mail with the specified
                  queue ID.

                  This option implements the traditional sendmail -qI command,  by
                  contacting the flush(8) server.

                  This feature is available with Postfix version 2.4 and later.

           -j     Produce  a  queue  listing in JSON LINES format, based on output
                  from the showq(8) daemon. See "JSON  OBJECT  FORMAT"  below  for
                  details.

                  This feature is available in Postfix 3.1 and later.

           -p     Produce a traditional sendmail-style queue listing.  This option
                  implements the traditional  mailq  command,  by  contacting  the
                  Postfix showq(8) daemon.

                  Each  queue entry shows the queue file ID, message size, arrival
                  time, sender, and the recipients that still need  to  be  deliv-
                  ered.  If mail could not be delivered upon the last attempt, the
                  reason for failure is shown. The queue ID string is followed  by
                  an optional status character:

                  *      The  message  is in the active queue, i.e. the message is
                         selected for delivery.

                  !      The message is in the hold queue, i.e. no further  deliv-
                         ery  attempt  will  be  made  until the mail is taken off
                         hold.

                  #      The message is forced to  expire.  See  the  postsuper(1)
                         options -e or -f.

                         This feature is available in Postfix 3.5 and later.

           -s site
                  Schedule  immediate  delivery of all mail that is queued for the
                  named site. A numerical site must be specified as  a  valid  RFC
                  5321  address  literal  enclosed  in  [],  just  like  in  email
                  addresses.  The site must be eligible for the "fast flush"  ser-
                  vice.   See flush(8) for more information about the "fast flush"
                  service.

                  This option implements the traditional "sendmail  -qRsite"  com-
                  mand, by contacting the Postfix flush(8) daemon.

           -v     Enable  verbose  logging  for  debugging  purposes.  Multiple -v
                  options make the software increasingly verbose.  As  of  Postfix
                  2.3, this option is available for the super-user only.

    JSON OBJECT FORMAT
           Each  JSON  object represents one queue file; it is emitted as a single
           text line followed by a newline character.

           Object members have string values unless indicated otherwise.  Programs
           should ignore object members that are not listed here; the list of mem-
           bers is expected to grow over time.

           queue_name
                  The name of the queue where the message was  found.   Note  that
                  the  contents  of  the  mail  queue may change while it is being
                  listed; some messages may appear more than once, and  some  mes-
                  sages may be missed.

           queue_id
                  The queue file name. The queue_id may be reused within a Postfix
                  instance unless "enable_long_queue_ids = true" and time is mono-
                  tonic.   Even  then,  the  queue_id is not expected to be unique
                  between different  Postfix  instances.   Management  tools  that
                  require  a  unique  name  should  combine  the queue_id with the
                  myhostname setting of the Postfix instance.

           arrival_time
                  The number of seconds since the start of the UNIX epoch.

           message_size
                  The number of bytes in the message header and body. This  number
                  does  not  include  message envelope information. It is approxi-
                  mately equal to the number of bytes that  would  be  transmitted
                  via SMTP including the <CR><LF> line endings.

           forced_expire
                  The  message is forced to expire (true or false).  See the post-
                  super(1) options -e or -f.

                  This feature is available in Postfix 3.5 and later.

           sender The envelope sender address.

           recipients
                  An array containing zero or more objects with members:

                  address
                         One recipient address.

                  delay_reason
                         If present, the reason  for  delayed  delivery.   Delayed
                         recipients  may  have no delay reason, for example, while
                         delivery is in progress, or after the system was  stopped
                         before it could record the reason.

    SECURITY
           This  program  is designed to run with set-group ID privileges, so that
           it can connect to Postfix daemon processes.

    STANDARDS
           RFC 7159 (JSON notation)

    DIAGNOSTICS
           Problems are logged to syslogd(8) or postlogd(8), and to  the  standard
           error stream.

    ENVIRONMENT
           MAIL_CONFIG
                  Directory  with the main.cf file. In order to avoid exploitation
                  of set-group ID privileges, a non-standard directory is  allowed
                  only if:

                  o      The  name is listed in the standard main.cf file with the
                         alternate_config_directories configuration parameter.

                  o      The command is invoked by the super-user.

    CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
           The following main.cf parameters are especially relevant to  this  pro-
           gram.   The  text  below  provides  only a parameter summary. See post-
           conf(5) for more details including examples.

           alternate_config_directories (empty)
                  A list of non-default Postfix configuration directories that may
                  be  specified with "-c config_directory" on the command line (in
                  the case of sendmail(1), with  the  "-C"  option),  or  via  the
                  MAIL_CONFIG environment parameter.

           config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The  default  location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf con-
                  figuration files.

           command_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The location of all postfix administrative commands.

           fast_flush_domains ($relay_domains)
                  Optional list of destinations that are eligible for per-destina-
                  tion logfiles with mail that is queued to those destinations.

           import_environment (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The  list  of  environment  variables  that a privileged Postfix
                  process will  import  from  a  non-Postfix  parent  process,  or
                  name=value environment overrides.

           queue_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The location of the Postfix top-level queue directory.

           syslog_facility (mail)
                  The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

           syslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  A  prefix  that  is  prepended  to  the  process  name in syslog
                  records, so that, for example, "smtpd" becomes "prefix/smtpd".

           trigger_timeout (10s)
                  The time limit for sending a trigger to a  Postfix  daemon  (for
                  example, the pickup(8) or qmgr(8) daemon).

           Available in Postfix version 2.2 and later:

           authorized_flush_users (static:anyone)
                  List of users who are authorized to flush the queue.

           authorized_mailq_users (static:anyone)
                  List of users who are authorized to view the queue.

    FILES
           /var/spool/postfix, mail queue

    SEE ALSO
           qmgr(8), queue manager
           showq(8), list mail queue
           flush(8), fast flush service
           sendmail(1), Sendmail-compatible user interface
           postsuper(1), privileged queue operations
           postlogd(8), Postfix logging
           syslogd(8), system logging

    README FILES
           ETRN_README, Postfix ETRN howto

    LICENSE
           The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

    HISTORY
           The postqueue command was introduced with Postfix version 1.1.

    AUTHOR(S)
           Wietse Venema
           IBM T.J. Watson Research
           P.O. Box 704
           Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

           Wietse Venema
           Google, Inc.
           111 8th Avenue
           New York, NY 10011, USA

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