import os
import re
import sys
import traceback
import importlib.util
from contextlib import contextmanager

from hy import _initialize_env_var
from hy.compat import PYPY, PY3_13

_hy_show_internal_errors = _initialize_env_var("HY_SHOW_INTERNAL_ERRORS", False)


class HyError(Exception):
    pass


class HyInternalError(HyError):
    """Unexpected errors occurring during compilation or parsing of Hy code.

    Errors sub-classing this are not intended to be user-facing, and will,
    hopefully, never be seen by users!
    """


class HyLanguageError(HyError):
    """Errors caused by invalid use of the Hy language.

    This, and any errors inheriting from this, are user-facing.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        message,
        expression=None,
        filename=None,
        source=None,
        lineno=1,
        colno=1,
    ):
        """
        Args:
            message (str): The message to display for this error.
            expression (Optional[Object]): The Hy expression generating this error.
            filename (Optional[str]): The filename for the source code generating this error.
                Expression-provided information will take precedence of this value. Defaults to `None`.
            source (Optional[str]): The actual source code generating this error.  Expression-provided
                information will take precedence of this value. Defaults to `None`.
            lineno (int): The line number of the error.  Expression-provided information will
                take precedence of this value. Defaults to `1`.
            colno (int): The column number of the error.  Expression-provided information
                will take precedence of this value. Defaults to `1`.
        """
        self.msg = message
        self.compute_lineinfo(expression, filename, source, lineno, colno)

        if isinstance(self, SyntaxError):
            syntax_error_args = (self.filename, self.lineno, self.offset, self.text)
            super().__init__(message, syntax_error_args)
        else:
            super().__init__(message)

    def compute_lineinfo(self, expression, filename, source, lineno, colno):

        # NOTE: We use `SyntaxError`'s field names (i.e. `text`, `offset`,
        # `msg`) for compatibility and print-outs.
        self.text = getattr(expression, "source", source)
        self.filename = getattr(expression, "filename", filename)

        if self.text:
            lines = self.text.splitlines()

            self.lineno = getattr(expression, "start_line", lineno)
            self.offset = getattr(expression, "start_column", colno)
            end_column = getattr(expression, "end_column", len(lines[self.lineno - 1]))
            end_line = getattr(expression, "end_line", self.lineno)

            # Trim the source down to the essentials.
            self.text = "\n".join(lines[self.lineno - 1 : end_line])

            if end_column:
                if self.lineno == end_line:
                    self.arrow_offset = end_column
                else:
                    self.arrow_offset = len(self.text[0])

                self.arrow_offset -= self.offset
            else:
                self.arrow_offset = None
        else:
            # We could attempt to extract the source given a filename, but we
            # don't.
            self.lineno = lineno
            self.offset = colno
            self.arrow_offset = None

    def __str__(self):
        """Provide an exception message that includes SyntaxError-like source
        line information when available.
        """
        # Syntax errors are special and annotate the traceback (instead of what
        # we would do in the message that follows the traceback).
        if isinstance(self, SyntaxError):
            return super().__str__()
        # When there isn't extra source information, use the normal message.
        elif not self.text:
            return super().__str__()

        # Re-purpose Python's builtin syntax error formatting.
        output = traceback.format_exception_only(
            SyntaxError,
            SyntaxError(self.msg, (self.filename, self.lineno, self.offset, self.text)),
        )

        arrow_idx, _ = next(
            ((i, x) for i, x in enumerate(output) if set(x.strip()) == {"^"}), (None, None)
        )
        if arrow_idx:
            msg_idx = arrow_idx + 1
        else:
            msg_idx, _ = next(
                (i, x) for i, x in enumerate(output) if x.startswith("SyntaxError: ")
            )

        # Get rid of erroneous error-type label.
        output[msg_idx] = re.sub("^SyntaxError: ", "", output[msg_idx])

        # Extend the text arrow, when given enough source info. We
        # don't do this on newer Pythons because they make their own
        # underlines.
        if arrow_idx and self.arrow_offset and not PY3_13:
            output[arrow_idx] = "{}{}^\n".format(
                output[arrow_idx].rstrip("\n"), "-" * (self.arrow_offset - 1)
            )

        # This resulting string will come after a "<class-name>:" prompt, so
        # put it down a line.
        output.insert(0, "\n")

        return "".join(output)


class HyCompileError(HyInternalError):
    """Unexpected errors occurring within the compiler."""


class HyTypeError(HyLanguageError, TypeError):
    """TypeError occurring during the normal use of Hy."""


class HyRequireError(HyLanguageError):
    """Errors arising during the use of `require`

    This, and any errors inheriting from this, are user-facing.
    """


class HyMacroExpansionError(HyLanguageError):
    """Errors caused by invalid use of Hy macros.

    This, and any errors inheriting from this, are user-facing.
    """


class HyEvalError(HyLanguageError):
    """Errors occurring during code evaluation at compile-time.

    These errors distinguish unexpected errors within the compilation process
    (i.e. `HyInternalError`s) from unrelated errors in user code evaluated by
    the compiler (e.g. in `eval-and-compile`).

    This, and any errors inheriting from this, are user-facing.
    """


class HySyntaxError(HyLanguageError, SyntaxError):
    """Error during the Lexing of a Hython expression."""


class HyWrapperError(HyError, TypeError):
    """Errors caused by language model object wrapping.

    These can be caused by improper user-level use of a macro, so they're
    not really "internal".  If they arise due to anything else, they're an
    internal/compiler problem, though.
    """


def _module_filter_name(module_name):
    try:
        spec = importlib.util.find_spec(module_name)
        if not spec:
            return None

        compiler_loader = spec.loader
        if not compiler_loader:
            return None

        filename = compiler_loader.get_filename(module_name)
        if not filename:
            return None

        if compiler_loader.is_package(module_name):
            # Use the package directory (e.g. instead of `.../__init__.py`) so
            # that we can filter all modules in a package.
            return os.path.dirname(filename)
        else:
            # Normalize filename endings, because tracebacks will use `pyc` when
            # the loader says `py`.
            return filename.replace(".pyc", ".py")
    except Exception:
        return None


_tb_hidden_modules = {
    m
    for m in map(
        _module_filter_name,
        [
            "hy.compiler",
            "hy.reader",
            "hy.cmdline",
            "hy.repl",
            "hy.reader.parser",
            "hy.importer",
            "hy.compat",
            "hy.macros",
            "hy.models",
            "hy.core.result_macros",
        ],
    )
    if m is not None
}

# We can't derive these easily from just their module names due
# to missing magic attributes in internal importlib modules
_tb_hidden_modules.update(
    f"<builtin>/frozen {x}" if PYPY else f"<frozen {x}>"
    for x in ("importlib._bootstrap", "importlib._bootstrap_external")
)


def hy_exc_filter(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
    """Produce exceptions print-outs with all frames originating from the
    modules in `_tb_hidden_modules` filtered out.

    The frames are actually filtered by each module's filename and only when a
    subclass of `HyLanguageError` is emitted.

    This does not remove the frames from the actual tracebacks, so debugging
    will show everything.
    """
    # frame = (filename, line number, function name*, text)
    new_tb = []
    for frame in traceback.extract_tb(exc_traceback):
        if not (
            frame[0].replace(".pyc", ".py") in _tb_hidden_modules
            or os.path.dirname(frame[0]) in _tb_hidden_modules
            or os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(frame[0])) == "hy.exe"
        ):
            new_tb += [frame]

    lines = traceback.format_list(new_tb)

    lines.insert(0, "Traceback (most recent call last):\n")

    lines.extend(traceback.format_exception_only(exc_type, exc_value))
    output = "".join(lines)

    return output


def hy_exc_handler(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
    """A `sys.excepthook` handler that uses `hy_exc_filter` to
    remove internal Hy frames from a traceback print-out, so long
    as `_hy_show_internal_errors` is false.
    """
    if _hy_show_internal_errors:
        return sys.__excepthook__(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback)
    try:
        output = hy_exc_filter(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback)
        sys.stderr.write(output)
        sys.stderr.flush()
    except Exception:
        sys.__excepthook__(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback)


@contextmanager
def filtered_hy_exceptions():
    """Temporarily apply a `sys.excepthook` that filters Hy internal frames
    from tracebacks.

    Filtering can be controlled by the variable
    `hy.errors._hy_show_internal_errors` and environment variable
    `HY_SHOW_INTERNAL_ERRORS`.
    """
    current_hook = sys.excepthook
    sys.excepthook = hy_exc_handler
    yield
    sys.excepthook = current_hook
